How to Count in Chinese: 1 to 10,000 and Beyond

Chinese numbers may be the most logical part of the whole language: learn 13 words and you can count to ten thousand, with zero exceptions to memorize.

English makes you memorize "eleven", "twelve", "twenty", "fifty" — none of which follow the rules. Chinese doesn't do that. Once you know 1–10, every number up to 99 builds itself, and three more words (百, 千, 万) take you to 99,999,999. Here's the whole system.

The numbers 0–10

líng
0
1
èr
2
sān
3
4
5
liù
6
7
8
jiǔ
9
shí
10

New to these characters? Start with the basics in our Chinese numbers 1–10 post, or drill them as free flashcards.

11–99: the numbers build themselves

Say the tens digit, then 十, then the ones digit. That's it.

11 = 十一 shí yī (ten-one)
20 = 二十 èr shí (two-ten)
25 = 二十五 èr shí wǔ (two-ten-five)
99 = 九十九 jiǔ shí jiǔ (nine-ten-nine)

Compare that to English's "eleven" and "twenty-five" — Chinese kids learn to count years earlier than English-speaking kids partly because of this regularity.

Hundreds and thousands

Two new words: 百 bǎi (hundred) and 千 qiān (thousand). One wrinkle: when a zero appears in the middle of a number, you say 零 once to mark the gap.

100 = 一百 yì bǎi
250 = 二百五十 èr bǎi wǔ shí (colloquially 两百五)
305 = 三百零五 sān bǎi líng wǔ (the 零 marks the empty tens place)
1,000 = 一千 yì qiān  ·  8,964 = 八千九百六十四

万: the 10,000 mindset

Here's the one genuinely different idea. English groups large numbers by thousands (thousand → million → billion). Chinese groups by ten-thousands: 万 wàn = 10,000, and everything stacks on it.

10,000 = 一万 yí wàn
100,000 = 十万 shí wàn (ten wàn)
1,000,000 = 一百万 yì bǎi wàn (a hundred wàn)
100,000,000 = 一亿 yí yì (the next big unit: 亿 = 10⁸)

When you hear a big number, mentally chunk it in fours, not threes: 250,000 is 25|0000 = 二十五万 "twenty-five wàn".

二 vs 两: the two twos

Chinese has two words for "two". 二 èr is for counting and math: 一、二、三; 第二 (second). 两 liǎng is for quantities — use it before measure words: 两个人 (two people), 两杯咖啡 (two coffees), 两百 (two hundred). If you're saying "two of something", it's almost always 两.

Ordinals, dates, money, phone numbers

Number culture: lucky 8, unlucky 4

八 bā (eight) sounds like 发 fā "to prosper", so 8s are prized in phone numbers and license plates. 四 sì (four) sounds like 死 sǐ "death", so many buildings skip the 4th floor. And 250 (二百五 èr bǎi wǔ) is a classic insult meaning "idiot" — say 两百五 for the price instead.

Make them automatic

You'll never think about numbers again once you've met them a few hundred times in context — prices, dates, ages, story titles. That's what graded reading does: the Literate Chinese app has 600+ stories matched to the words you know, where numbers show up constantly and naturally. Or start right now with free stories in your browser.

Learn Chinese by actually reading it

Literate Chinese pairs smart flashcards with 600+ graded stories matched to the words you know — in Mainland or Taiwan Mandarin. Free on iOS and Android.

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