Level 2 · Elementary

First, second, third: 第

第 + Number (+ MW + Noun)

第 (dì) turns any number into an ordinal: 第一 "first", 第二 "second", 第十 "tenth". No irregular forms to memorize — just stick 第 on the front.

A measure word usually follows: 第一个朋友 "first friend", 第三本书 "the third book". Time expressions often skip the measure word: 第二天 "the next day", 第一次 "the first time".

Examples

这是我第一来中国。
這是我第一來中國。
zhè shì wǒ dì yī cì lái zhōng guó
This is my first time in China.
他是我的第一中国朋友。
他是我的第一中國朋友。
tā shì wǒ de dì yī gè zhōng guó péng you
He's my first Chinese friend.
第二,我们去了公园。
第二,我們去了公園。
dì èr tiān wǒ men qù le gōng yuán
The next day, we went to the park.
今天是我第一上班。
jīn tiān shì wǒ dì yī tiān shàng bān
Today is my first day at work.

Common mistakes

✗ 今天是二天。
✓ 今天是第二天。
Ordinals need 第 — a bare number only counts "how many".

Related grammar points

Practice this pattern in graded stories like Climbing the Great Wall (Part 10), Sprouts of Hope (Part 3), Morning Classes (Part 2) inside the Literate Chinese app.

Grammar sticks when you read it in stories

Every grammar point in this guide is built into the Literate Chinese app, with graded stories that use the pattern naturally and flashcards matched to the words you know — in Mainland or Taiwan Mandarin. Free on iOS and Android.

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