Level 3 · Intermediate

Ongoing states with 着

Verb + 着  ·  Traditional: Verb + 著

着 (zhe) after a verb freezes its result into an ongoing state: 门开着 "the door is (standing) open", 他穿着一件红衣服 "he's wearing a red shirt". The action happened; 着 says its state is still holding.

That's the difference from 在: 在 is for the action itself in progress, 着 for the state left behind. 他在穿衣服 = he's (in the middle of) putting clothes on; 他穿着衣服 = he has clothes on.

Examples

门开
門開
mén kāi zhe
The door is open.
他穿一件红衣服。
他穿一件紅衣服。
tā chuān zhe yī jiàn hóng yī fu
He's wearing a red piece of clothing.
桌子上放一本书。
桌子上放一本書。
zhuō zi shàng fàng zhe yī běn shū
There's a book lying on the table.
墙上挂一张照片。
牆上掛一張照片。
qiáng shàng guà zhe yī zhāng zhào piàn
There's a photo hanging on the wall.

Common mistakes

✗ 他在穿一件红衣服。
✓ 他穿着一件红衣服。
在 means he's putting it on right now — for "has it on" (a state), use 着.

Related grammar points

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